ADR includes the following procedures via public ombudsmen, complaints boards and private entities.

• Mediation: a private and confidential dispute resolution process in which an independent third party, the mediator, seeks to assist the parties in reaching a mutually acceptable settlement. It is a voluntary and non-binding process that may however become binding if and when a settlement is reached.
• Conciliation: similar to mediation, it is an advisory and confidential structured process in which an independent third party, called the conciliator, actively assists the parties in their attempt to reach, on a voluntary basis, a mutually acceptable agreement to resolve their dispute. A conciliator may, at any stage in the conciliation process, make a proposal to the parties to resolve the dispute, but he or she is not empowered to impose such a proposal on the parties.
• Arbitration: a means of dispute resolution whereby the disputing parties submit their dispute to a neutral third party for determination. Unlike mediation or conciliation, an independent and impartial third party is empowered to make a decision. The arbitrator hears the disagreement between one or more parties and after considering all the relevant information renders a final decision (award). Arbitration bodies typically have the power to make legally binding decisions, meaning that awards may be enforceable through the courts upon application.